Internal-combustion engine



1,609,792 u. c. BROCK INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 5 SheetsSheet- 1 Filed June 1 1925 L. C. BROCK INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE fies W26:

Filed June 1, 1925 5 Shets-Sheet 2 L. C. BROCK INTERNAL COMBUSTIGN ENGINE Dec. 7, 1926.

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ENTIERIAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed Ennel, 1925. Serial No. 34,223.

My invention relates. to internal combustion engines, and the primary o oject otthe invention is to provide an engine embodying an intake or supply cylinder and piston and a firing or power cylinder and piston, the supply cylinder being connected to the ing from the supply cylinder into the power cylinder, the duty of the supply cylinder and piston being to take in a combustible charge and transfer the charge or mixture.

through the transfer passage into the power cylinder, the power cylinder and piston 0perating'on the two cycle principle.

Aiurther object of my invention is to eliminate a number of working parts ordinarily employed in four cycleengines such as cam shafts and gears, valve tappcts, push rods and practically all of the valves. espe ciully the exhaust valves which burn and warp and otherwise cause trouble.

Another object is to provide an engine with fewer working parts whereby the same will lie quieter running and can be manufacturcd ata smaller cost. H p

A still further object of my invention'is toimprove upon two cycle engines so that no air or mixture used for combustion is taken into the crank case but is taken in the cylinders above the pistons, thus doing away with the necessity of having an air tight crank case'and, when more than one cylinder is used, doing away with the separate air tight"compartments in thecrank case for each cylinder, the advantage of taking in all of the air or mixture above the p ,tons being to allow the lubricating oil to -be carried in thc"crank case rothat the bearings,

pistons, cylinders and walls can lie-oiled properly by the splash or pressure systems. With the above general ob ccts in view,

and others that will become apparent as the nature of the invention is better understood. the same consists in the novel form, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, shown inthe accoxrpanying drawings and claimed.

In the drawings wherein like reference characters indicate corresponding throughout the several views,

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an engine constructed in accordance with the present invention,

Figure 2 is a sideelevational view of an parts newer cylinder by a transfer passage ieacl engine having two'cyli'nders connected by a transfer passage in a different way so that no valves are required in the cylinders,

Figure 3 is a transverse section tzken substantially upon the line 3-3 of Figure 2, and

Figure 4 is a transverse section taken substantially upon the line 4-i of Figure 2. c

The engine shown-in Figure l embodies 'a crankcase 5 in which isjournalcd a crank shaft 6 and upmrwhich secured a block embodying a plurality of cylinders arranged fill in a longitudinal row. there being a pair of 0 working or power cylinders T and a pair of intake or supply cylinders. 8 which alternate so that one supply 1-ylindcr is disposed bc hind each power or llllllfi-(Wllildtlm -listons 9 reciprocate in the power cylin- .dcrs r and pistons 10 reciprocate within the supply cylinders 8, connecting rods llbe in; provided for connectingr thc pistons to the cranks of the crank shaft (3 whereby the latter rotated when the power pistons are reciprocated by the explosions ju the power cylinders '7. The cranks ol. the shall; (i are so disposed as to secure simultaneous upwardtor outward movement of one power piston 9 and one supply piston 10 while the other power piston S) and supply piston 10 are moved inwardly or downwardly. How

ever, it is to be understood that the-min her of vliude rs may .ary without departing from the spiritand scope of the invention.

The supply cylinders Bare preferably shorter than the power cylinders 7 so that the pistons 10 will be movedpractically to the tops of the supply cylinders 8. and a -water jacket '12. is preferably provided for to be placed in comunication with a suitable i charge forming device, such as a carburetor, by means of an intake manifold or the like.

The ports 14 are covered and uncovered b vthe pistons 10 in the same manner as that above described with respect to the ports 13 of the cylinder "7, and in this way no supply or exhaust valves are required.

T he top of each supply cylinder is placed in communication with the top of the adjacent power cylinder 7 by means of a transfer passage 15, and the outlet end of each transfer passage 15 is normally closed at the top of the adjacent power cylinder 7 by means of. a spring seated valve 16 which normally seats upwardly or outwardly. Each transfer passage lfi is provided at a point-between its ends with an air inlet port 17 which opens to the atmosphere, but which is normally closed by means of--an outwardly or upwardly seating check'valve 18 having a seating spring 19.

As each piston 9 travels downwardly or inwardly in its power cvlinder 7 the cooperating shpplv piston 10 will travel upwardly or outwardly inits'. cylinder 8, as is apparent.

When a supply piston 10 travels downwardly or inwardly in its supply cylinder 8, the valve 16 of the transfer passage 15 associated with the cylinder 8, closes the transfer passage so as to make or provide an air tight compartment above the piston 10 whereby a suction is created in the cylin- ,der 8 which effects opening of the valve 18 and causes air to be drawn inwardly so as to fill the transfer passage 15, which air is not mixed with any fuel. When the piston 10 approaches the lower or innermost position thereof, the inletport His uncovered and the suction which still exists in the cylinder 8 causes a charge to be drawn into the latter above the piston 10 behind the charge of air which was drawn through the port 17. As the piston 10 again travels ulpwardly or outwardly. it covers the inta 'e port 1%, trapping and compressing the gas mixture in the to of cylinder 8. As the piston 10 approac 18S the extreme upper or outermost position of its stroke, the piston 9 in the cooperating power cylinder 7 is nearcylinder 7;

ly in the lower or innermost positionof its stroke, and the force of the compression in the top of cylinder 8 opens valve 16 of this power cylinder 7 so that piston 10 drives the gaseous mixturethrough the transfer passage 15 into the cylinder 7 above the piston 1-). However, the air which is unmixed with fuel is forced into the cylinder 7 aheadi'of the gas mixture or charge so as to prevent the latter from being ignited by the hot outgoing exhaust gases which are at this time driven out through the port 13 as the latter is uncovered by the piston 9 and the air and gas mixture are forced into the When the piston 10 moves upwardly or outwardly, it covers the port 14 of the cylinder in whichit is moved, and the spring 19 will seat the valve 18 so as to provide an air tight compartment in the top of the cylinder 7 where the gas mixture is compressed by the upcoming piston 9. As

of its'upward or outward stroke, the gas mixture is'ignited by any desired means, such as an electric spark from the sparlr plug 20 and produced in any well known orpreferred manner. i i/hen the gas mixture is ignited, it causes an explosive force which drives the piston 9 downwardly or inwardly, and as this piston is connected to the crank shaft, the latter is caused to turn so that rotation may betransmitted therefro1n"to any desired machine element As the piston 9 moves upwardly, the piston 10 will again move inwardly so that the above operation will be repeated- I The air-admitted through the port 17 will enter the power cylinder 7 in advance of the explosive charge and in this way com plete forcing of the exhaust gases from the cylinder 7 is insured,

In the form of the invention shown in Figures 2 to 4 inclusive,the power cylinder is indicated at 7 and the supply cylinder at 8*. In this form of the invention the power cylinder 7 is provided with an intake port 21 to which is connected one end of the transfer conduit 15 whose other end is connectcd with an outlet port .zfl provided at the top of the supply cylinder 8, the port 21 being adapted to he covered and uncovthe-piston 9 reaches a, predetermined point cred by the piston 9' in the power cylinder piston 9 covers and uncovers the port13 in the form of the invention shown iii Figi similarly to the manner in which the" ure 1. In this, wa v the use of the was: Jill is eliminated, and the air intake port 17 is provided in the conduit 15 adyacent to power cylinder 7 as clearly shown in Figures 2 and 3. K

It will thus be seen that the form of th invention shown in Figures 2 to 4 inclusive the side of the power cylinder. instead of a the top thereof so that the use of the valve 16 is rendered unnecessa because the iston 9 of the power cylinc er controls the intake port 21 of the latter. In. other respects, the form of the invention shown in; Figures 2 to i inclusive is similar to that" shown in Figure 1 except as to'the number of cylinders illustratechand the provision of a deflector plate or bafilc 23 on the outer end of the piston 9 as shown clearly in Figure 3. This handle 23 is so arranged as to lie between the ports 21 and 18 of the power cylinder 7 when the latter'ports are'uncoverlad by'the piston 9' so that the prelim reefinary char e of air and the' kploslve charge the cylinder 7 and preventing passage of the uir and explosive mixture out of the cylinder 7 and trapping of the exhaust gases therein. Th's would cause an ineffective operation and would result if the battle 23 were not provided on the piston 9. *Remaining parts in the construction shown in Figures 2 and 4' are designated by similar 4 reference characters as those employed in Figure 1., V

The operation of the device shown in Figures 2 to 4 inclusive is identical to that above set forth withrespect to the form of the invention shown in Figure 1, except that. the piston 9 produces the results attributed to the valve 16, by covering and uncovering the intake port 21.

It is thus believed that the construction and operation of both forms of the invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art and the advantages of the invention appreciated.

NVhat I claim as new is:

1. In an internal combustion engine a crank shaft, a power'cylinder having a side exhaust port and an intake port, a supply cylinder having a top. outlet port and provided with a side inlet port adapted for connection with a charge formin r device, a transfer passage connecting the outlet port of the supply cylinder with the intakeport of the power cylinder, pistons reciprocable in said cylinders operatively connected to said crank shaft and arranged to respectively and alternately cover and uncover said side exhaust and inlet ports when reciprocated, said transfer passage being in constant communication with the supply cyl inder, and means to automatically admit air from the atmosphere ,into' the transfer passage upon the inward suction stroke of the supply cylinder piston and to prevent passage of said air to the atmosphere upon the outward stroke thereof, said engine embodying provision for automatically closing communication between the outlet end of the transfer passage and the power cylinder when the supply cylinder piston Jnovcs inwardly and the power cylinder piston moves outwardly and for automatically opening (JlllllllllllfililOTl therebetween when the supply cylindcr piston approaches its outermost position with the inlet port closed and when the power cylinder piston approaches its innermost position with the exhaust port uncovered.

In an internal combustion engine, a crank shaft, a power cylinder having a side exhaust port and an intake port, a supply. cylinder having: a top outlet port and providcd with a side inlet port adapted for connection with a charge forming device, a transfer passage connecting the outlet port of the supply cylinder with. the intake port of the power cylinder, piston reciprocabie der, and meansto automatically admit air from the atmosphere into the transfer passage upon the inward'suction s roke of the supply cylinder piston and to prevent 'pas-' sage of said air to the atmosphere -upon the outward stroke thcreot, said engine. em- ',bodying provision for automatically closing communication between the outlet end of the transfer passage and the power cylinder when the su ply cylinder piston moves inwardly and 318 power cylinder piston moves outwardly and for automatically opening communication therebetween when the supply cylinder piston approaches its outermost position withthe inlet port closed and when the pdwer cylinder piston approaches its innermost 'position'withthe exhaust port uncovered, said air admitting means embodying a check valve controlled port in the trans'fc'r passage between thecylinders.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a crank shaft, a power cylinder having a side exhaust port and'an intake ,port, a supply cylinder having a top outlet port and pro vided with a side inlet portadaptedtor connection with a charge forming device, a transfer passage connecting the outlet port of the supplycylinder with the intake port of thepower cylinder, pistons reciprocable in said cylinders operatively' connected to' said crankshaft and arranged to respectively and alternately cover and uncover saidside exhaust and inlet ports when reciprocated, said transfer passage being in constant communication with the supply cylinder-,and means to' automatically admit air from the atmosphere info the transfer passage upon the inward suction stroke of the a supply cylinder piston and to prevent pas sage of said air to theatmosphere upon the outward; stroke thereof, said engine ex'nbodying provision for milouiaiically closing ommunication bctweml the outlet end of the transfer. passagje and the power cylinder when the supply cylinder piston moves inwardly, and the power cylinder piston moves outwardly and for automaticallyopening communication therchetween whcnthc supply cylinder piston approaches its outermost position with the inlet port closed and when the power cylinder piston approaches its innermost position with. 'the exhaust, port uncovercd, saidprovi'sion for automatically closing and opening communical ion between the transfer passage and the power cylinder embodying an outwardly closing valve for the intakeport of the power cylinder.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a crank shaft, a power cylinder having aside exhaust port and an intake port, a supply cylinder having a top outlet port and provided with a side inletport adapted for corn nection with a charge forming device, a transfer passage connecting the outlet port of the supply cylinder with the intake port.

of the power cylinder, pistons reciprocable in said cylinders operatively connected to said crank shaft and arra'nged to respectively and alternately cover and uncover said side exhaust and 'inlet ports when reciprocated, said transfer passage being" in con-v .stant communication with the supply cylinder, and means to automatically admit air from the atmosphere into the transfer pasi sage upon the inward suction stroke of the supply cylinder piston and to prevent passage of said air to the atmosphere upon the outward stroke thereof, said engine emhodying provision for automatically closing communication between the outlet end of the transfer passage and the power cylinder when the supply cylinder-piston moves inwardly and the power cylinder piston moves outwardly and for automatically opening communication therebetween when the supply-4 cylinder piston approaches its outer-: most. position with the inlet port closed and when" the power cylinder piston approaches its innermost position with the exhaust port uncovered, said provision for closing and opening communication between the transfer passage and the power cylinder embodyingarrangement of the intake port of the power cylinder in the side of the latter to lee-closed and opened by the power cylinder piston.

5; In an internal combustion engine, a

crank shaft, a power cylinder having aside exhaust port and an intake port, a supply cylinder having a top outlet port and provided with a side inlet port adapted for connection with a charge forming device, a transfer passage connecting the outlet port of the supply cylinder with the intake port of the power cylinder, pistons reciprocahle in said cylinders operatively connected to said crank shaft and arranged to respectively and alternately cover and uncover said side exhaust and inlet ports when recipro rated, said transfer passage being in constant communication with the supply cylinder, and means to=automatically admit air from the atmosphere into the transfer passage upon the inward suction stroke of the itsinnermost position with, the exhaust port uncovered, said provision for closing and opening communication between the transfer passage and the power cylinder embodying arran ement of the intake port of the power cylin er in the side of the latter tobe closed and opened by the power cylinder piston, and an outwardly projecting halite on the outer end of the power cylinder piston for diverting the air andexplosive charge from the transfer passage toward the outer end of the power cylinder and away from the exhaust port of the latter.

6. In, an internal combusti'onengine, a

power cylinder having an exhaust port and an intake port, a supplycylinder having an outlet port and provided with. an inlet port adapted for connection with a charge formin 1 device, a transfer passage connecting the .oulet port of the supply cylinder with the intake port of the power cylinder, pistons i'eciprocable in said cylinders, and means to automatically admit air from the atmosphere inti) the transfer passage upon the inward suction stroke of the supply cylinder piston and to prevent passage of said air to the atmosphere'upon-the outward stroke thereof,.-

said engine embodying provision for automatically closing communication between the power cylinder and the supply cylinder when the supply cylinder piston moves inwardly and the power cylinder piston moves outwardly and for automatically opening the'communication therehetween jwhen the supply cylinder piston approaches its outermost postion with the inlet port closed. and when the power cylinder piston approaches its innermost position with the exhaust port uncovered.

In testimony whereof I aiiia my signature LESTER C. BROCK. 

